This study aimed to determine the distinctive features of the development of Ukraine’s agricultural economy in the context of global economic change. In order to achieve this aim, statistical, comparative and case studies were combined with analytical generalisation. The statistical analysis revealed that the FAO Food Price Index reached an average of 122 points in 2024, which is 2.1% higher than the figure for 2023. For the 2024-2025 marketing year, the global cereal stocks‑to‑use ratio amounted to 26.7%, and international cereal trade totalled 499 million tonnes. It was found that global economic trends influence Ukraine’s agricultural economy via price, logistics, trade, production and regulatory mechanisms. The examples of the agro-industrial companies Kernel, Myronivsky Hliboproduct and Astarta demonstrate that the resilience of agricultural enterprises can be improved by diversifying their export destinations, developing products which have a high added value, carrying out technological modernisation and digitalisation, and applying the principles of sustainable development. The study shows that different companies adapt to global economic trends in ways that depend on their area of specialisation. In order to achieve adaptation of the Ukrainian agricultural economy, it is necessary to diversify foreign markets, develop domestic processing, modernise the logistics infrastructure, introduce resource-efficient technologies, harmonise certification systems with the requirements of the European market, and set up digital monitoring of global agricultural markets. The practical value of the study is that the suggested areas of adaptation could be applied in the formulation of state agricultural policy and in improving the competitiveness of Ukraine’s agricultural sector in the face of global economic transformations