The purpose of the article is to report on our own research results and to generalize the socio-economic aspects of assessing trends in modern climatic processes. Research methods. The research is based on the teachings of Aristotle, Vernadsky, Rudenko, Podolinsky, and other foreign and domestic scientists. The main methods of scientific research were as follows: practical experience and scientific developments; observational facts; philosophical search and worldviews; scientific theory; scientific research; empirical scientific work; intuition and generalization; spiritual and religious reflections and beliefs; real scientific and practical facts; data of selection stations and research fields of Ukraine in the period between the second half of the XIX and the first half of the XX century. Research results. The scientific and methodological generalization of socio-economic aspects was carried out, and the estimation of tendencies for development of modern climatic tendencies was conducted with definition of prospects for their influence on development of the agrarian sector of economy. Scientific novelty. The variability of climate change in the process of evolutionary development of mankind and the socioeconomic system of its vital activity was proved. Practical significance. The directions of perspective climate changes on Earth were determined. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 13